Download or read book Biomass Derived Oxygenates Upgrading Over Mixed Oxide Catalysts written by Senthil Subramaniam and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ethanol can be used as a platform molecule for synthesizing valuable chemicals and fuel precursors. Synthesis of C5+ ketones from ethanol in single step was achieved over a stable Pd-promoted ZnO-ZrO2 catalyst. A sequence of reaction steps is involved in the C5+ ketone formation from ethanol and the key reaction step was found to be the in situ generation of acetone intermediate and the cross aldol condensation between the reaction intermediates acetaldehyde and acetone. The formation of Pd-Zn alloy in situ at the reaction condition was identified to be key factor in maintaining high yield to the C5+ ketones and the stability of the catalyst. The yield of >70% to C5+ ketones was achieved over a 0.1%Pd-ZnO-ZrO2 mixed oxide catalyst and the catalyst was demonstrated to be stable beyond 2000 hour time on stream without any catalyst deactivation.Other oxygenates selectivity to higher ketones, olefins had been identified and the mechanisms had been reported.