Download or read book The Ethnic Penalty written by Reza Hasmath and published by Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.. This book was released on 2012 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Ethnic Penalty argues that a penalty has impeded the occupational success of ethnic minorities during the job search, hiring and promotion process. In this context, the book examines whether explanatory factors such as discrimination, an individual's social network, a firm's working culture, and a community's social trust are major contributing reasons behind this apparent penalty, whilst also making suggestions for improvement for visible ethnic minorities.